Dataset
By applying the multi-state model of population dynamics, including differential fertility, mortality and migration rates, POP has produced projections of the European and Asian population by age, sex and four levels of educational attainment, as well as population projections by age, sex, and level of educational attainment for the world. Additionally, new measures of aging, developed at IIASA, are presented for the world and world regions, and individual countries.
Model
The linkage algorithms solve the problem of linking models, e.g. sectorial and/or regional, into an inter-sectorial inter-regional integrated model. Linkage enables to avoid “hard linking” of models in a single code, which saves the programming time and enables parallel distributed computations of individual models instead of a large scale integrated model. Models linkage preserves the structure of the original models taking into account critically important details, which are usually missing in aggregate models.
Dataset
Stochastic Quasi-Gradient (SQG) methods have been developed for solving general optimization problems without exact calculation of objective function and constraints (let alone of their derivatives). SQG methods enable a sequential revision of approximate solutions towards the optimal using newly acquired information on the system, obtained via either direct on-line observations or(and) simulations.