Model
A modeling framework for medium to long-term energy system planning, energy policy analysis, and scenario development
Water Security (WAT)
Integrated Biosphere Futures (IBF)
Energy, Climate, and Environment (ECE)
Sustainable Service Systems (S3)
Pollution Management (PM)
Integrated Assessment and Climate Change (IACC)
Transformative Institutional and Social Solutions (TISS)
Multidimensional Demographic Modeling (MDM)
Austria
Brazil
China
Germany
Italy
Norway
Dataset
Stochastic Quasi-Gradient (SQG) methods have been developed for solving general optimization problems without exact calculation of objective function and constraints (let alone of their derivatives). SQG methods enable a sequential revision of approximate solutions towards the optimal using newly acquired information on the system, obtained via either direct on-line observations or(and) simulations.
Model
The linkage algorithms solve the problem of linking models, e.g. sectorial and/or regional, into an inter-sectorial inter-regional integrated model. Linkage enables to avoid “hard linking” of models in a single code, which saves the programming time and enables parallel distributed computations of individual models instead of a large scale integrated model. Models linkage preserves the structure of the original models taking into account critically important details, which are usually missing in aggregate models.